guardian.co.uk, Kate Hodal in Bangkok, Thursday
5 July 2012
Tori the orangutan learned to smoke at Taru Jurug zoo by imitating visitors. Photograph: Centre for Orangutan Protection, Borneo, Indonesia |
Zookeepers
in Indonesia have been forced to move an orangutan out of visitors' reach after
the 15-year-old primate developed a serious smoking habit.
Tori
learned to smoke 10 years ago by imitating zoo visitors, who would throw their
cigarette butts into her open cage. She has been smoking ever since, according
to activists. They say that she holds up two fingers to her mouth to insinuate
she wants a smoke, and becomes angry and throws things if none are readily
available.
Zookeepers
at Taru Jurug zoo in Solo have unsuccessfully tried luring the ape away with
food and extinguishing the butts with water. Now the zoo – with help from the
Borneo-based Centre for Orangutan Protection (COP) – plans to move Tori and her
partner on to a small island in the zoo's lake by August. They hope the large
trees, rope swings and views over the zoo will make Tori forget about her
nicotine fix. Until then, the centre has sent extra volunteers to guard the
cage and will install mesh netting to prevent visitors from throwing in their
butts.
Tori may be
Indonesia's most famous smoking orangutan, but she is not the only one. Tori's
parents were also smokers and many more of Indonesia's zoo-based orangutans are
thought to be hooked on the habit, says Hardi Baktiantoro of COP. The
creatures' 97% genetic similarity to humans means that they will often mimic
and take on behaviours similar to ours – sometimes to their detriment.
"It is
very common in Indonesian zoos for people to throw cigarettes or food [at
animals] even though there are signs to not feed or give cigarettes," says
Baktiantoro. "It happens all the time. [In Tori's case], people will throw
cigarettes in, watch her smoke, start laughing and take pictures."
So far,
Tori's partner Didik – who is new to the zoo – has not yet taken up smoking,
preferring instead to stamp out butts whenever they are thrown into the cage
that he and Tori share. But activists worry that he could soon succumb to the
habit, as nearly 70% of Indonesian men over the age of 20 are smokers, and
zookeepers have had difficulty educating and preventing visitors from doing
what they will.
Indonesia's
zoos have come under fire for their appalling conditions – where visitors, not
just zookeepers, are sometimes to blame. It was reported two years ago that, at
Surabaya zoo in East Java, about 25 of its 4,000 animals were dying prematurely
every month. This included a Sumatran tiger and an African lion.
In March
this year, a 30-year-old giraffe was found dead at the zoo with an 18kg
(39.7lb) ball of plastic in its stomach, after years of eating litter thrown
into its pen by visitors.
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