178 nations
at the world's biggest wildlife summit agree to strictly regulate trade in
mahogany and rosewood timber
guardian.co.uk,
Damian Carrington, Tuesday 12 March 2013
Every species of mahogany and rosewood tree in Madagascar gained new protection on Tuesday against a rampant logging trade that threatens to wipe out some species before they are even discovered.
Loading rosewood timber on trucks at the port of Toamasina (Tamatave), Madagascar. Photograph: Babelon Pierre-Yves/Alamy |
Every species of mahogany and rosewood tree in Madagascar gained new protection on Tuesday against a rampant logging trade that threatens to wipe out some species before they are even discovered.
The 178
nations at the world's biggest wildlife summit agreed unanimously to strictly
regulate the international trade in mahogany timber.
The
Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (Cites), taking
place in Bangkok, also gave new protection to rosewood in Central America,
Thailand and Vietnam. Ebony and rosewoods are targeted to make high-price
furniture, musical instruments, chess pieces and flooring.
"There
are 80 ebony species known in Madagascar but they are literally identifying
more right now and there may be as many as 240 species in all," said Noel
McGough, a botanist at Kew Botanical Gardens in London and a member of the UK
delegation. He said the new protection, aimed at ensuring harvests are
sustainable, had been urgently needed: "We need to move quickly."
"Regulating
the international trade will give the chance to feed money back to the poor
local communities," he added. "Illegal trade just drains money away
from them."
Recent
years have seen a sharp rise in the exploitation of ebony in Madagascar, with
much of the wood destined for Asian markets. For some species, no large trees
remain in the wild, posing a serious threat to trees that take decades to
produce the hard, dense, black wood that is sought after.
The number
of rosewood trees in Thailand is estimated to have declined as much as 70%,
from around 300,000 in 2005 to 80,000-100,000 trees in 2011.
Achim
Steiner, the executive director of the UN Environment Programme (Unep), said
Interpol and Unep estimated that 50-90% of logging in the key tropical countries around the world is being carried out by organised crime gangs.
"Illegal logging is worth well over $30bn annually to the criminals,
whereas many of the poor people enlisted into these illegal activities get a
pittance in return," he said.
There were
many ways criminals dealt in illegal timber, Steiner said, including falsifying
logging permits, bribing officials to obtain permits, logging beyond
concessions and hacking government websites to obtain or change electronic
permits.
In all, 135
species of Madagascan ebony and rosewoods were protected. John Scanlon,
secretary-general of Cites, praised the achievement of the 178 member states,
noting that previous discussions of valuable timber had been difficult.
McGough
said the tone of the debate on Tuesday was very different to that of recent
decades: "There were very divisive debates that set range states [where
the trees grow] against importing countries and saw many proposals defeated or
withdrawn in the face of mass opposition."
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